Utilization of Lignin Monomer Isolation from Black Liquor of Empty Palm Oil Bunches as a Prebiotic

Waste is generated in the form of black liquor during pulp processing. Furthermore, lignin, the main ingredient of black liquor, contains a phenylpropanoid compound with prebiotic and antimicrobial activity. Also, it is a component of lignocellulose that has prebiotic and antimicrobial activity effects due to its indigestible nature and it comprises phenylpropanoid components. Therefore, this study examines and identifies the lignin purification and test results of its prebiotic activity. The technique used to identify lignin fraction is called Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) plates. Prebiotic activity tests were performed using the calculation of total bacteria on the growth of Lactobacillus casei. The results showed that the purification process using CHCl3, 3 % MeOH:CHCl3, 20 % MeOH:CHCl3, and MeOH yielded 10.68 %, 6.34 %, 11.38 % 44.85 %, respectively. The 3 % MeOH:CHCl3 fraction contained benzaldehyde, 4- hydroxy-3,5- dimethoxy, 1-methylbutyl hexadecanoate, oleic acid, and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate. The 3 % MeOH:CHCl3 fractionate with a concentration of 15 % also showed a prebiotic activity for L. casei at 6.1 x 102 colonies/mL.